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APPENDIX

then summoned the courtiers to him and asked them to give judgment as to the value of the caskets. They replied that those covered with gold must contain the royal jewels, while the clay could be of no particular value. Thereupon the King ordered the caskets to be opened, and pointing to the golden ones he said, "These represent the men who go about clothed in fine raiment but within are full of evil deeds. But these," he added, turning to the caskets of clay, "represent those holy men who, though ill clad, are full of jewels of the faith."

[Death Trumpet. — Occurrence in Barlaam, Literature. — See App. I., V. Occurring in Arab., Georg., and Gr., it must have been in Indian original, and was probably there also connected with "The Four Caskets." Nearly all the derivates of the Greek contain it.

Indian Original. — Legend of Asoka's brother, Vitasoka (Burnouf, Introd.). (Cf. Katha-sarit-sagara, VI. xvii., tr, Tawney, i. 237.)

Parallels. — The Sword of Damocles (Cicero, Tusc. Disp., V. 21; Oesterley on Gesta, 143; Wendenmuth, a. 21; Crane on Exempla, xlii.b).

Derivates. — Jacques de Vitry, Exempla, ed. Crane, xlii.; Paratus, Sermones, 145; Wright, Latin Stories, 103 ; John of Bromyard, s.v. "Homo"; Gesta Romanorum, ed. Oesterley, 143; Abundancia exemp., f. 30.b; Gower, Conf. Amant. (Cf. Swan, Gesta, 401); Mag. speculum exemp., ed. 1610, s.v. Judicium; Libro de enxemplos, 121, 223; Brit. Mus. MS., add. 11,284, 27b, 40b (Crane).

Literature. — E. Braunholtz. Die Erste Nichtchristliche, Parabel des Barlaam und Josaphat, ihre Herkunft und Verbreitung, Halle, 1884, but mainly concerned with Four Caskets. For reviews, &c., see that

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