Page:Archæology of the Central Eskimos.djvu/408

Naujan Pl. 22.2, 11.1 cm long, 1 cm wide, flat, with a thin blade socket in one end. The broken rear end of a large flint blade, up to 5.5 cm wide, fairly thick (for an adze?). A piece of a sledge shoe of whalebone, 1½ cm thick. A piece of a thick antler, 31 cm long, shows to what a great extent drilling was employed in implement making; at both ends it has been broken by means of drilling a row of holes; a branch has been broken off in the same manner, and along one side a long strip has been split off, the first 5½ cm by means of 12 drilled holes in two rows, later by the help of the knife. There were also found five indeterminable bone objects. Animal bones were not counted.

House ruin XX. Entirely destroyed. Seems to have had three platforms and to have been fairly large. The doorway to the north. Only a small sample excavation was made, resulting in the finding of:

A blunt arrow head of antler, 6.9 cm long, with conical tang with two knobs, and a large fragment of a heavy vessel of a raciolite kind of soapstone, slightly curved, 2–3½ cm thick.

Excavation area A. In front of the doorways to the houses XVI–XVIII a rectangular area, 19 m long, 4 m broad, or 76 sq.metres, was excavated. Here conditions were exactly the same everywhere: under the turf was a stratum of dark culture earth, with animal bones and specimens, of a thickness of 10 to 20 cm; below this was barren lime gravel. Deeper refuse heaps were not found anywhere. In two of the lower sections (farthest from the houses) there was, in the dark cul- ture earth which here was 15–20 cm thick, a thin stratum of washed gravel, 1 cm thick; this apparently originates from a particularly high flood tide and thus shows that when habitation was commenced here the beach was near to the houses, whereas it is now about a kilometre from them.

The find from this refuse heap — if this thin cultural deposit can be called a heap — comprises in all 194 specimens; of course they may originate from many different houses and thus need not be of the same period. The find here has therefore not the same chronological value as the finds from the various house ruins; still, it contains a number of interesting specimens.

Pl. 72.1 (P4. 486) is a finely ornamented harpoon head of ivory of Thule type 2; the back has only the usual bifurcated line at the point in front of the line hole and double rows of dots on each side of the shaft socket. Another harpoon head is exactly the same as Naujan Pl. 1.3 but without its ornamentation; one harpoon head of Thule type 3 has the same ornamentation as PI. 69.3, but is smaller and is more oval in section. A fragment of a harpoon head of one of