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TRAVEL, TRANSPORTATION, COMMERCE
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nesses were abandoned or reduced because it was not such easy work as formerly. By proper management our national income can be made still greater than our expenditure."

The national debt of Japan January, 1913, was more than 2,500,000,000 yen ($1,250,000,000), of which almost 1,500,000,000 yen ($750,000,000) was in foreign loans.


BIBLIOGRAPHY.

For interesting accounts of travel when and where modern conveniences were not available, read "Unbeaten Tracks in Japan" (Bird); "The Mikado's Empire" (Griffis); "Noto, an Unexplored Corner of Japan" (Lowell); "Glimpses of Unfamiliar Japan" (Hearn); and papers in the Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan. For similarly interesting accounts of travel with modern conveniences read "Jinrikisha Days in Japan" (Scidmore); "Japan and her People" (Hartshorne); "The Yankees of the East" (Curtis); "Japan To-day" (Scherer); "Every Day Japan" (Lloyd).

On the industrial and commercial phases of these topics, consult books, papers, magazines, and pamphlets mentioned in the bibliography of the preceding chapter; especially, for the latest statistics, "The Japan Year Book."

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